NEW DELHI: It will be long before Delhi finds a solution to its water problem. The national green tribunal on Thursday ordered Himachal Pradesh Power Corporation Ltd (HPPCL) to stop all construction work related to the Renuka Dam project.
The interim order put an end to any further land acquisition for the project till the main hearing, scheduled on September 1, takes place.
Delhi's share from the40-MW hydel project is pegged at 270 million gallons per day - a massive amount considering that the city is treating about 700MGD for its drinking water needs at present.
While forest clearance to the project was cancelled by the ministry of environment and forests in October, 2010, questions are also being raised about its environment clearance. Lawyer Ritwick Dutta, who appeared for the petitioner, said the two major issue son which the tribunal had stepped in were the discrepancies in total land required for the project and the number of families which would be displaced .
"So far, there is no one figure of how much land is required for the dam," said Dutta . "The environment impact assessment report states a figure that is completely different from what is mentioned in the environment clearance letter issued by the ministry. Yet another figure is being thrown up by the land acquisition reports. While the environment clearance states a figure of 1,477 hectares, HPPCL is quoting 2,239 hectares. About 37 villages will be impacted. This will also play a role in deciding the number of trees that need to be felled for the project, which, as per our analysis, is more than 13 lakh," he added.
There is still no clarity on how many families will be affected if the dam comes up. The assessment report mentions that about 308 families will be displaced while HPPCL's own land acquisition records indicate that the figure is around 1,300.
"How can the project be accorded any clearances when the baseline data is absent or false. The approved project seems totally at odds with what is being implemented. Even the credibility of the group that carried out impact assessment is being questioned .Acquisition work and maybe even construction was taking place at a breakneck speed," added Dutta.
Monday, August 1, 2011
Jal Board to make info on PPP projects public by September 1 (Hindu 28 July 2011)
Delhiites will soon be able to access much of the information pertaining to private parties engaged by the Jal Board for carrying out meter changing, meter reading and bill collection in their areas with consummate ease.
The Central Information Commission has directed the DJB to put out on its website the information pertaining to all memorandums of understanding (MOUs), contracts or other documents entered into between it and any private company or individual to engage them in these operations.
In an order issued to the Delhi Jal Board Secretary, Information Commissioner Shailesh Gandhi recently demanded adherence to Section 4 of the RTI Act under which public authorities are under an obligation to make certain suo motu disclosures which ensure accountability in institutions and reduce the load of RTI applications being filed with them. The Commission said it had received representations from two persons, Ms. Aheli Chowdhury and Ms. Preeti Sampat, requesting that some additional information also be displayed by the DJB under its obligations mandated by Section 4 of the RTI Act, 2005.
Noting that “this matter warrants larger public interest and information connected to it, as mandated by law, should be available proactively on the website of the department”, the Commission directed the DJB to provide all documents -- reports, circulars, notices, and proposals indicating the reasons for the decision to undertake each public private partnership.
It has also demanded that all contracts, agreements, proposals, MoUs, expression of interest related to the hiring of any consultants for the PPPs be put in the public domain. Similarly, it has called for making public all documents at any stage, submitted by a consultant for the PPPs.
It is also required to put on its website all documents indicating the budgets, expenses (estimated and undertaken), sources of finance including loans, grants and other monetary transactions related to the PPPs; details of public consultations held for these PPPs; the Water Board Amendment Bill; and all documents, reports, proposals, notices, contracts related to the preparation of the Water Board Amendment Bill and to the Master Plan for Sewerage System of Delhi for the year 2031.
The Commission has directed that the information be made available on the DJB website by September 1 and the compliance report be filed with it by September 10.
The Central Information Commission has directed the DJB to put out on its website the information pertaining to all memorandums of understanding (MOUs), contracts or other documents entered into between it and any private company or individual to engage them in these operations.
In an order issued to the Delhi Jal Board Secretary, Information Commissioner Shailesh Gandhi recently demanded adherence to Section 4 of the RTI Act under which public authorities are under an obligation to make certain suo motu disclosures which ensure accountability in institutions and reduce the load of RTI applications being filed with them. The Commission said it had received representations from two persons, Ms. Aheli Chowdhury and Ms. Preeti Sampat, requesting that some additional information also be displayed by the DJB under its obligations mandated by Section 4 of the RTI Act, 2005.
Noting that “this matter warrants larger public interest and information connected to it, as mandated by law, should be available proactively on the website of the department”, the Commission directed the DJB to provide all documents -- reports, circulars, notices, and proposals indicating the reasons for the decision to undertake each public private partnership.
It has also demanded that all contracts, agreements, proposals, MoUs, expression of interest related to the hiring of any consultants for the PPPs be put in the public domain. Similarly, it has called for making public all documents at any stage, submitted by a consultant for the PPPs.
It is also required to put on its website all documents indicating the budgets, expenses (estimated and undertaken), sources of finance including loans, grants and other monetary transactions related to the PPPs; details of public consultations held for these PPPs; the Water Board Amendment Bill; and all documents, reports, proposals, notices, contracts related to the preparation of the Water Board Amendment Bill and to the Master Plan for Sewerage System of Delhi for the year 2031.
The Commission has directed that the information be made available on the DJB website by September 1 and the compliance report be filed with it by September 10.
Faced with administrative apathy, village solves its own water problem (Hindu 29 July 2011)
Self-Help is best help: Madhera residents digging a one-km-long channel to lay a cement pipeline for receiving Yamuna waters for drinking and irrigation in Rajasthan's Bharatpur district. — Photo: Rohit Jain Paras
In a rare community-driven initiative, the residents of a nondescript village near Deeg in Bharatpur district of Rajasthan have solved the perennial problem of groundwater salinity by laying a one-km cement pipeline to get the Yamuna river waters from a feeder canal situated nearby.
The small Madhera village had been facing difficulty in getting clean and pure water for both drinking and irrigation for years in view of the unusually high fluoride, nitrate and salt contents in the groundwater of the region. The water salinity is so high it is unfit for drinking even by the cattle.
Eager to tackle the problem, the villagers convened a meeting earlier this month and decided to bring on their own the water from the Bharatpur feeder canal, situated about one km away from Madhera, which carries the waters of the Yamuna. Demands to connect the village with the feeder canal had been raised several times in the past without any response from the administration.
The villagers decided to lay an underground cement pipeline from the canal to Madhera at an estimated cost of Rs.2.50 lakh. Since the money required was not readily available, the village elders decided to pool in finances and declared that each household would make contributions as per its capacity.
Each of the 60 households in the village made contributions ranging from Rs.200 to Rs.5,000 for the unique community-driven project. A total of Rs.1.50 lakh was collected, but the work on the project was held up for want of the remainder amount.
The villagers met once again and this time decided to seek help from the Lupin Human Welfare and Research Foundation — the corporate social responsibility wing of pharmaceutical major Lupin — working actively for rural development, livelihood promotion and employment generation in Bharatpur district for the past two decades.
Lupin Foundation executive director Sita Ram Gupta said here on Thursday that his organisation considered the project a major initiative towards villagers' empowerment, and at once provided a financial assistance of Rs.70,000 for the purpose.
After arranging adequate finances, the villagers dug a one-km channel and laid a 700-metre cement pipeline of 12-inch diameter in it. The pipeline's installation was carried out in a professional manner, with each villager contributing his time, energy and expertise to ensure that water passed through it smoothly.
Mr. Gupta said the first action the villagers took after the getting the water supply was to fill up the pokhar (small public pond) in Madhera. This has led to an increase in the water level of the wells situated nearby, which are now being utilised for irrigation.
The Yamuna waters received through this unique model have facilitated irrigation in an area measuring 500 hectare, besides quenching the thirst of the villagers. The villagers have also put up water harvesting structures at several points to reap full advantage of the rains.
Mr. Gupta pointed out that the farming of vegetables and fruits had been taken up on a large scale in Madhera thanks to the “creative idea, ingenious planning and hard work” of villagers. With the expectations of a high agricultural yield, the financial lot of the villagers is also set to improve in the time to come.
In a rare community-driven initiative, the residents of a nondescript village near Deeg in Bharatpur district of Rajasthan have solved the perennial problem of groundwater salinity by laying a one-km cement pipeline to get the Yamuna river waters from a feeder canal situated nearby.
The small Madhera village had been facing difficulty in getting clean and pure water for both drinking and irrigation for years in view of the unusually high fluoride, nitrate and salt contents in the groundwater of the region. The water salinity is so high it is unfit for drinking even by the cattle.
Eager to tackle the problem, the villagers convened a meeting earlier this month and decided to bring on their own the water from the Bharatpur feeder canal, situated about one km away from Madhera, which carries the waters of the Yamuna. Demands to connect the village with the feeder canal had been raised several times in the past without any response from the administration.
The villagers decided to lay an underground cement pipeline from the canal to Madhera at an estimated cost of Rs.2.50 lakh. Since the money required was not readily available, the village elders decided to pool in finances and declared that each household would make contributions as per its capacity.
Each of the 60 households in the village made contributions ranging from Rs.200 to Rs.5,000 for the unique community-driven project. A total of Rs.1.50 lakh was collected, but the work on the project was held up for want of the remainder amount.
The villagers met once again and this time decided to seek help from the Lupin Human Welfare and Research Foundation — the corporate social responsibility wing of pharmaceutical major Lupin — working actively for rural development, livelihood promotion and employment generation in Bharatpur district for the past two decades.
Lupin Foundation executive director Sita Ram Gupta said here on Thursday that his organisation considered the project a major initiative towards villagers' empowerment, and at once provided a financial assistance of Rs.70,000 for the purpose.
After arranging adequate finances, the villagers dug a one-km channel and laid a 700-metre cement pipeline of 12-inch diameter in it. The pipeline's installation was carried out in a professional manner, with each villager contributing his time, energy and expertise to ensure that water passed through it smoothly.
Mr. Gupta said the first action the villagers took after the getting the water supply was to fill up the pokhar (small public pond) in Madhera. This has led to an increase in the water level of the wells situated nearby, which are now being utilised for irrigation.
The Yamuna waters received through this unique model have facilitated irrigation in an area measuring 500 hectare, besides quenching the thirst of the villagers. The villagers have also put up water harvesting structures at several points to reap full advantage of the rains.
Mr. Gupta pointed out that the farming of vegetables and fruits had been taken up on a large scale in Madhera thanks to the “creative idea, ingenious planning and hard work” of villagers. With the expectations of a high agricultural yield, the financial lot of the villagers is also set to improve in the time to come.
Thursday, July 28, 2011
Delhi Jal Board directed to probe groundwater decline (Times of India 27 July 2011)
NEW DELHI: Despite strict regulations in place, declining groundwater levels in the city's south and southwest districts has prompted the Central Ground Water Authority (CGWA) to take up the matter with Delhi chief secretary P K Tripathi who in turn has notified Delhi Jal Board (DJB), the nodal agency for monitoring and regulating the city's ground water resources.
In a letter, CGWA chairman Dr SC Dhiman, has said that levels of groundwater have fallen the maximum in south and southwest Delhi, the first two areas to have been notified for ground water extraction and where officials have allegedly been keeping a strict watch on illegal extractions.
He has said that in 2010-11 only about 350 permissions were granted for borewells by the district advisory committee despite which groundwater levels continued to dip.
This, Dhiman alleged, was because the committee was concentrating on clearing projects instead of regulating the illegal extraction of water.
"DJB has always been under tremendous pressure from MLAs to clear borewell projects for their respective constituencies. Despite that officials have been taking utmost care in granting clearance to only extremely urgent projects. Once it came to our notice that levels have been falling despite all measures, we have written to all MLAs, asking them to nominate only very special and necessary projects," said sources in DJB.
The water utility has also formulated rules for borewell digging that will maximize the lives of the projects and ensure longer ground water supply to areas.
These include ensuring a minimum distance of 200-250m between each tubewell to avoid a clash of zone influence, ensuring that old tubewells, for which reboring is being done, are sealed completely to avoid misuse, running borewells for a restricted time period of four hours each in the morning and evening, restricting capacity of submersible pumps to 5 HP and sending monthly reports to DC (revenue) south after completing work.
Sources said that regulation and monitoring of ground water resources is supposed to have been a joint effort between DJB, the revenue department and police and it was the latter two agencies which were responsible for ensuring that rules were being complied with.
"Monitoring of borewells and ensuring that illegal extraction does not take place is the responsibility of the DC of each area.
"However, they claim they do not have sufficient manpower to monitor each area closely. Reports have also been received of
collusion between government officials and property owners to facilitate illegal boring.
"In some cases people had taken permission to set up a rainwater harvesting structure but instead used it to extract water illegally. Concerned agencies should not spare defaulters," said a government official.
In a letter, CGWA chairman Dr SC Dhiman, has said that levels of groundwater have fallen the maximum in south and southwest Delhi, the first two areas to have been notified for ground water extraction and where officials have allegedly been keeping a strict watch on illegal extractions.
He has said that in 2010-11 only about 350 permissions were granted for borewells by the district advisory committee despite which groundwater levels continued to dip.
This, Dhiman alleged, was because the committee was concentrating on clearing projects instead of regulating the illegal extraction of water.
"DJB has always been under tremendous pressure from MLAs to clear borewell projects for their respective constituencies. Despite that officials have been taking utmost care in granting clearance to only extremely urgent projects. Once it came to our notice that levels have been falling despite all measures, we have written to all MLAs, asking them to nominate only very special and necessary projects," said sources in DJB.
The water utility has also formulated rules for borewell digging that will maximize the lives of the projects and ensure longer ground water supply to areas.
These include ensuring a minimum distance of 200-250m between each tubewell to avoid a clash of zone influence, ensuring that old tubewells, for which reboring is being done, are sealed completely to avoid misuse, running borewells for a restricted time period of four hours each in the morning and evening, restricting capacity of submersible pumps to 5 HP and sending monthly reports to DC (revenue) south after completing work.
Sources said that regulation and monitoring of ground water resources is supposed to have been a joint effort between DJB, the revenue department and police and it was the latter two agencies which were responsible for ensuring that rules were being complied with.
"Monitoring of borewells and ensuring that illegal extraction does not take place is the responsibility of the DC of each area.
"However, they claim they do not have sufficient manpower to monitor each area closely. Reports have also been received of
collusion between government officials and property owners to facilitate illegal boring.
"In some cases people had taken permission to set up a rainwater harvesting structure but instead used it to extract water illegally. Concerned agencies should not spare defaulters," said a government official.
Water allocation is no matter for judicial scrutiny: Supreme Court (The Hindu 26 July 2011)
Government best judge to decide supply for various regions
How much water is to be allocated by a State for a particular region is not a matter of judicial review, the Supreme Court said on Monday.
Dismissing a plea for a direction for allocation of adequate water in Kachchh district in Gujarat, a Bench of Justices Markandey Katju and C.K. Prasad said: “The prayer is not one which can be a matter of judicial review. It is for the executive authorities to look into this matter. There must be judicial restraint in such matters.”
Petition dismissed
The Kachchh Jal Sankat Nivaran Samiti was aggrieved over the Gujarat High Court dismissing a petition for directions for release of water from the Sardar Sarovar Dam by the State government to the district, said to be drought prone. The High Court held that there were no judicially manageable standards for adjudication of allocation of water in favour of any region within the State. “The government is the best judge to decide how much water should be released from the Narmada Canal to Kuchchh and how much water is to be left for other regions,” it said.
Judicial scrutiny
The Bench pointed out that all these decisions required delicate balancing and consideration of complex social and economical issues which could not be brought under judicial scrutiny. In fact, “the State government has accepted the decision of the Narmada Water Disputes Tribunal which cannot be said to be arbitrary.”
Modes of conveyances
In the appeal, the interlocutory application sought interim directions including a plea to appoint a committee of experts to go into the various modes of conveyance of Narmada waters through the Kachchh Branch Canal to the Kachchh region with reference to a cost-benefit ratio and other relevant aspects, and direct the panel to submit a report to the Supreme Court.
Rejecting the petition, the Bench said, “We are not inclined to grant any of the prayers made in the interlocutory application.”
How much water is to be allocated by a State for a particular region is not a matter of judicial review, the Supreme Court said on Monday.
Dismissing a plea for a direction for allocation of adequate water in Kachchh district in Gujarat, a Bench of Justices Markandey Katju and C.K. Prasad said: “The prayer is not one which can be a matter of judicial review. It is for the executive authorities to look into this matter. There must be judicial restraint in such matters.”
Petition dismissed
The Kachchh Jal Sankat Nivaran Samiti was aggrieved over the Gujarat High Court dismissing a petition for directions for release of water from the Sardar Sarovar Dam by the State government to the district, said to be drought prone. The High Court held that there were no judicially manageable standards for adjudication of allocation of water in favour of any region within the State. “The government is the best judge to decide how much water should be released from the Narmada Canal to Kuchchh and how much water is to be left for other regions,” it said.
Judicial scrutiny
The Bench pointed out that all these decisions required delicate balancing and consideration of complex social and economical issues which could not be brought under judicial scrutiny. In fact, “the State government has accepted the decision of the Narmada Water Disputes Tribunal which cannot be said to be arbitrary.”
Modes of conveyances
In the appeal, the interlocutory application sought interim directions including a plea to appoint a committee of experts to go into the various modes of conveyance of Narmada waters through the Kachchh Branch Canal to the Kachchh region with reference to a cost-benefit ratio and other relevant aspects, and direct the panel to submit a report to the Supreme Court.
Rejecting the petition, the Bench said, “We are not inclined to grant any of the prayers made in the interlocutory application.”
Munak water only after two months (Times of India 26 July 2011)
NEW DELHI: The Munak canal controversy between Delhi and Haryana was resolved recently but the city will reap the benefits of an extra 80 million gallons of water per day only after a couple of months. Work on the Delhi side of the canal will be completed around October which is when two new water treatment plants will be commissioned. It is expected that a third 40 MGD plant at Dwarka will be ready by March.
Delhi Jal Board (DJB) officials said that the 20 MGD Bawana WTP was ready and would be commissioned as soon as the new channel became functional. The 20 MGD Okhla WTP is also almost ready and is likely to be commissioned in October as well.
"These plants will mostly benefit the north and south/southwest areas of Delhi. Places like Narela and Sangam Vihar will benefit greatly from the extra water. The remaining 40 MGD will be diverted to the Dwarka plant but that will be ready only in the first quarter of 2012. This is meant exclusively for the Dwarka township while some water will be diverted to IGI Airport," said an official.
Explaining the scope of work that remained, senior DJB officials said that about 100m of the Munak canal, that falls within Delhi's jurisdiction, remained to be completed but that work would be finished within a month.
"Only very basic work is left which can be completed within a month. It will take a maximum of two months to commission the canal. The problem with the Dwarka WTP is that while the plant itself is ready, the crucial connecting line between the plant and the Munak canal needs to be completed. There are massive encroachments on a 2.5-3km stretch of that line in northwest Delhi. We are in touch with Delhi Development Authority on the matter and have been assured that the issue will be sorted out shortly. We have also written to the L-G," said an official.
DJB has already paid Rs 350 crore to Haryana for the construction of the canal but the state has asked for another Rs 150 crore. While Rs 50 crore will be paid immediately, the remaining amount will be vetted by the central water commission.
Delhi gets 305 MGD water at Munak of which 30% is lost enroute to Haiderpur due to leakages and theft. The Munak canal, a 102-km long new channel, will bring down the losses to 5% and result in savings of 80 MGD. While Delhi claimed the savings as its share, Haryana was bent upon reducing Delhi's supply so that the capital would continue getting the same amount of water it receives at present.
"Delhi's share from Bhakra Beas is 185 MGD and from Yamuna at Tajewala it is 165 MGD. About 13% of this is lost enroute to Munak. "We only asked Haryana to continue releasing the 305 MGD that it is releasing at present from Munak and nothing extra. Why would Delhi pay Rs 500 crore for a facility that it won't accrue any benefits from?" asked an official.
Delhi Jal Board (DJB) officials said that the 20 MGD Bawana WTP was ready and would be commissioned as soon as the new channel became functional. The 20 MGD Okhla WTP is also almost ready and is likely to be commissioned in October as well.
"These plants will mostly benefit the north and south/southwest areas of Delhi. Places like Narela and Sangam Vihar will benefit greatly from the extra water. The remaining 40 MGD will be diverted to the Dwarka plant but that will be ready only in the first quarter of 2012. This is meant exclusively for the Dwarka township while some water will be diverted to IGI Airport," said an official.
Explaining the scope of work that remained, senior DJB officials said that about 100m of the Munak canal, that falls within Delhi's jurisdiction, remained to be completed but that work would be finished within a month.
"Only very basic work is left which can be completed within a month. It will take a maximum of two months to commission the canal. The problem with the Dwarka WTP is that while the plant itself is ready, the crucial connecting line between the plant and the Munak canal needs to be completed. There are massive encroachments on a 2.5-3km stretch of that line in northwest Delhi. We are in touch with Delhi Development Authority on the matter and have been assured that the issue will be sorted out shortly. We have also written to the L-G," said an official.
DJB has already paid Rs 350 crore to Haryana for the construction of the canal but the state has asked for another Rs 150 crore. While Rs 50 crore will be paid immediately, the remaining amount will be vetted by the central water commission.
Delhi gets 305 MGD water at Munak of which 30% is lost enroute to Haiderpur due to leakages and theft. The Munak canal, a 102-km long new channel, will bring down the losses to 5% and result in savings of 80 MGD. While Delhi claimed the savings as its share, Haryana was bent upon reducing Delhi's supply so that the capital would continue getting the same amount of water it receives at present.
"Delhi's share from Bhakra Beas is 185 MGD and from Yamuna at Tajewala it is 165 MGD. About 13% of this is lost enroute to Munak. "We only asked Haryana to continue releasing the 305 MGD that it is releasing at present from Munak and nothing extra. Why would Delhi pay Rs 500 crore for a facility that it won't accrue any benefits from?" asked an official.
Delhi gets water share after truce with Haryana (Times of India 20 July 2011)
NEW DELHI: The water-sharing dispute between Delhi and Haryana was resolved on Tuesday with Haryana agreeing to release an additional 610 cusecs of Yamuna water in Munak canal to cater to the needs of the capital.
While Haryana will give Delhi 610 cusecs water (610 cubic feet per second) or 17,273 litres per second at Munak canal, the city will provide Haryana Rs 50 crore as "upfront reimbursement" for the under-construction Munak channel. Haryana has demanded a total of Rs 150 crore as reimbursement. It will send the estimate of the remaining amount to Central Water Commission which will take a final call on the issue.
Both Delhi and Haryana agreed to the arrangement at a meeting of Group of Ministers held in the city. In January this year, the centre had stepped in to resolve the water-sharing dispute between Delhi and Haryana by forming a four-member Group of Ministers (GoM) headed by home minister P Chidambaram. Human resources development minister Kapil Sibal, law minister Salman Khurshid and water resources minister Pawan Kumar Bansal are part of the GoM.
The water that will be released by Haryana will be in addition to the 125 cusecs that Haryana is already providing to Delhi at Nangloi. The 610 cusecs of water was agreed upon by the two states as per a 1994 agreement.The carrier line channel will help Delhi save what is being lost due to leakages and seepage. It is expected to help in running the 20 million gallons daily (MGD) water treatment plants at Okhla and at Bawana and a 50 MGD water treatment plant at Dwarka.
The two chief ministers, Sheila Dikshit and Bhupinder Singh Hooda, attended the meetings as special invitees. The GoM looked into the water-sharing dispute arising out of the newly constructed carrier line channel between Munak in Haryana and Haiderpur in Delhi.
This channel made of concrete, is expected to save 80 million gallons of raw water everyday.
While Haryana will give Delhi 610 cusecs water (610 cubic feet per second) or 17,273 litres per second at Munak canal, the city will provide Haryana Rs 50 crore as "upfront reimbursement" for the under-construction Munak channel. Haryana has demanded a total of Rs 150 crore as reimbursement. It will send the estimate of the remaining amount to Central Water Commission which will take a final call on the issue.
Both Delhi and Haryana agreed to the arrangement at a meeting of Group of Ministers held in the city. In January this year, the centre had stepped in to resolve the water-sharing dispute between Delhi and Haryana by forming a four-member Group of Ministers (GoM) headed by home minister P Chidambaram. Human resources development minister Kapil Sibal, law minister Salman Khurshid and water resources minister Pawan Kumar Bansal are part of the GoM.
The water that will be released by Haryana will be in addition to the 125 cusecs that Haryana is already providing to Delhi at Nangloi. The 610 cusecs of water was agreed upon by the two states as per a 1994 agreement.The carrier line channel will help Delhi save what is being lost due to leakages and seepage. It is expected to help in running the 20 million gallons daily (MGD) water treatment plants at Okhla and at Bawana and a 50 MGD water treatment plant at Dwarka.
The two chief ministers, Sheila Dikshit and Bhupinder Singh Hooda, attended the meetings as special invitees. The GoM looked into the water-sharing dispute arising out of the newly constructed carrier line channel between Munak in Haryana and Haiderpur in Delhi.
This channel made of concrete, is expected to save 80 million gallons of raw water everyday.
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